USES OF PRESENT SIMPLE
Il present simple si usa:
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Per esprimere abitudini, azioni generalmente valide, azioni ripetute o situazioni immutevoli, emozioni e desideri:
I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large city (general truth) -
Per dare istruzioni o direzioni:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left. -
Per esprimere un impegno prefissato, presente o futuro:
Your exam starts at 09.00 -
Per esprimere il futuro, dopo alcune congiunzioni: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
Esempi
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Abitudini
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly.
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Azioni o avvenimenti ripetuti
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer.
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Per qualcosa di generalmente valido
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
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Per istruzioni o direzioni
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
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Per accordi prestabiliti
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on March 26th.
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Per esprimere il futuro
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.
Note sul present simple alla terza persona singolare
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Alla terza persona singolare, i verbi terminano sempre in -s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks. -
Le forme negative e interrogative usano il DOES (= la terza persona singolare dell'ausiliare 'DO') + il verbo alla forma base.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla. -
I verbi che terminano in -y: alla terza persona la -y diventa -ies:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
Eccezione: in caso di vocale prima della -y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays -
Aggiungere -es ai verbi che terminano i in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Esempi
- He goes to school every morning.
- She understands English.
- It mixes the sand and the water.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing the piano.
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